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1994-05-02
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<text>
<title>
Venezuela: Geography
</title>
<article><hdr>The World Factbook 1993: Venezuela
Geography</hdr><body>
<p>Location: Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean Sea
between Colombia and Guyana
</p>
<list>
<l>Area:</l>
<l> total area: 912,050 km2</l>
<l> land area: 882,050 km2</l>
<l> comparative area: slightly more than twice the size of
California</l>
</list>
<p>Land boundaries: total 4,993 km, Brazil 2,200 km, Colombia
2,050 km, Guyana 743 km
</p>
<p>Coastline: 2,800 km
</p>
<list>
<l>Maritime claims:</l>
<l> contiguous zone: 15 nm</l>
<l> continental shelf: 200 m depth or to depth of
exploitation</l>
<l> exclusive economic zone: 200 nm</l>
<l> territorial sea: 12 nm</l>
</list>
<p>International disputes: claims all of Guyana west of the
Essequibo river; maritime boundary dispute with Colombia in the
Gulf of Venezuela
</p>
<p>Climate: tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
</p>
<p>Terrain: Andes mountains and Maracaibo lowlands in northwest;
central plains (llanos); Guyana highlands in southeast
</p>
<p>Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, gold,
bauxite, other minerals, hydropower, diamonds
</p>
<list>
<l>Land use:</l>
<l> arable land: 3%</l>
<l> permanent crops: 1%</l>
<l> meadows and pastures: 20%</l>
<l> forest and woodland: 39%</l>
<l> other: 37%</l>
</list>
<p>Irrigated land: 2,640 km2 (1989 est.)
</p>
<p>Environment: subject to floods, rockslides, mudslides;
periodic droughts; increasing industrial pollution in Caracas
and Maracaibo
</p>
<p>Note: on major sea and air routes linking North and South
America
</p></body></article></text>